UHPC qhib lub qhov rooj rau cov tswv yim tshiab thiab muaj cib fim zoo siab rau kev tsim kho vaj tse. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb ua haujlwm ntawm kev siv UHPC hauv cov txheej txheem hybrid tau sau tseg hauv qab no.
Siv UHPC nrog iav fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) yog ib lub tswv yim hybrid uas tau tshoov siab rau ntau tus kws tshawb fawb hauv lub xeev. Elmahdy et al. [85] sim kawm ib qho kev tsim tshiab siv UHPC hauv cov kab sib xyaw. Lub beam feem yog GFRP hollow lub thawv. Nyob rau sab saum toj, lub hau nyias ntawm UHPC yog siv los nqa cov kev ntxhov siab.
Hauv qab, steel lossis carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (SFRP / CFRP) los xij yog siv los tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv no tau txuas rau ib leeg nrog shear stud connectors thiab epoxy kua nplaum kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm lawv. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo xws li UHPC, muaj peev xwm sib xyaw cov kab teeb pom kev zoo tuaj.
Chen & El-Hacha tau kawm lwm lub hybrid beam nrog tib GFRP hollow box seem tsim nyob rau hauv static dabtsi yog khoov loading. Kev tshawb fawb ua pov thawj tias UHPC yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav lub zog ntau dua nrog lub cev hnyav dua thiab cov qauv me me. Tsis tas li ntawd, Iskander et al. kawm hybrid UHPC-GFRP hollow box seem nrog SFRP los yog CFRP phaj hauv paus los tshuaj xyuas qhov ua rau tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv shear rog. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias qhov tsis ua hauj lwm yog vim yog ib feem ntawm cov kev taw qhia fiber ntau nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum cheeb tsam ntawm no hybrid beam.
Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau kawm lwm lub tswv yim hybrid, sib txuas UHPC nrog cov pob zeb tsis tu ncua raws li kev tsim kho lossis kho cov khoom siv. Raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, Hakeem thiab Azad & Hakeem tau kawm txog kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm peb lub tswv yim sib txawv ntawm ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim braced precast pem teb chav tsev cam khwb cia los ntawm cov pob zeb zoo tib yam, UHPC ua rau cov qauv sib txawv xws li: (i) Cov ntsiab lus nrog ib txheej ntawm UHPC nyob rau hauv qab nro dav hlau, UHPC substratum thiab beam qauv ntawm cov pob zeb zoo tib yam; (ii) cov ntsiab lus txhawb nqa nrog prefabricated UHPC deformed tuav. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv UHPC sticks tau qhia los ntawm Azad thiab Hakeem. UHPC steel tuav tau muab tso rau hauv hybrid structural pwm ua ntej nchuav cov pob zeb tsis tu ncua. UHPC rods tau thermally kho ntawm 900 C rau 48 teev kom nrawm kho thiab txhim kho lub zog. Qhov kawg hybrid specimen ntxiv nrog ob 50 × 50 mm UHPC rods; (iii) hybrid hollow unit nrog UHPC txheej pov rau saum thiab hauv qab.
Kev qaug zog tawg tau pom nyob rau hauv ntau lub orthotropic steel lawj txuas hniav thoob ntiaj teb, piv txwv li: Severn Choj hauv tebchaws Askiv, Sintal Choj hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, Westgate Choj hauv Australia, Leverkusen hauv Tebchaws Yelemees Moribashi. Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog qhov teeb meem qaug zog no los txhim kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo.
Ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws los tawm tsam qhov qaug zog no yog siv UHPC overlay raws li tus choj lawj pavement es tsis txhob siv cov pavement nyoos. Kev qaug zog teb ntawm UHPC cladding siv lub orthotropic steel lawj tau kawm. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias UHPC npog tuaj yeem txo qhov loj ntawm lub lawj-sab kev ntxhov siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm cov hlau-UHPC sib xyaw lawj nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm khoov tau kawm. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias UHPC npog muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev rau qhov kawg ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm cov decks.
Tom ntej no tsab xov xwm pob zeb (UHPC) muaj cov qib siab zoo uas tsis tau xav txog ua ntej. Tom qab ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas lub ntsiab lus, cov lus xaus hauv qab no tau pom:
1. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov kws tshawb fawb feem ntau hais txog tias cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab ib puag ncig ntawm UHPC tshaj txhua qhov kev cia siab, tsim kom muaj peev xwm rau kev siv dav hauv kev tsim kho.
2. Cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm lub cim tshiab ntawm cov pob zeb ua tau zoo dua li cov pob zeb ua ke. Cov txiaj ntsig tsis sib xws no yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm dej-rau-binder piv, ultra-nplua hmoov, optimized particle ntim, curing method, thiab microstructural li.
3. Siv cov thev naus laus zis no, cov qauv tsim tuaj yeem ua kom sib dua, loj dua, lossis muaj qhov ntev dua li qhov feem ntau tsim. Nws qhov kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tso cai rau cov pob zeb tshiab yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv cov duab tsis xwm yeem lossis elongated heev los tsim cov qauv nrog qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj lossis ua tiav txawv txawv.
4. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv UHPC hauv kev tsim kho tsuas yog txwv vim nws tsis tuaj yeem ua lag luam los hloov cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke hauv ntau daim ntawv thov rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
a. Ib qho kev lag luam tau tshwm sim los ntawm tus nqi siab thiab tsis muaj qee yam ntawm nws cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li, steel fibers yuav raug nqi ntau dua li lwm cov ntaub ntawv matrix ua ke.
b. Qee yam txuj ci, xws li cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem tsim thiab kho cov txheej txheem.
c. Kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm kev tsim cov cement rau ib puag ncig, vim tias cov cement xav tau rau UHPC ntau lawm yog kwv yees li ob npaug ntawm cov pob zeb ib txwm muaj.
5. Ib qho ntawm cov lus pom zoo rau kev txhawb nqa UHPC hauv kev tsim kho yog tshawb nrhiav lwm cov ntaub ntawv los hloov UHPC cov khoom kim heev. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg nrog cov khoom gelling es tsis txhob Portland cement thiab silica fume, uas muaj cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no:
a. Txo cov nqi tsim khoom ua vaj tse,
b. Ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm ib puag ncig los ntawm kev txo cov khib nyiab thiab roj emissions hauv cement ntau lawm,
c. Txhim kho lub uniformity thiab ntom ntawm pob zeb kom zoo zog thiab durability.
